Goberning-gear for internal-combustion engines.



No. 876,439. PATENTED JAN. 14, 1908. W. J. GROSSLEY & J. ATKINSON. GOVERNING GEAR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.17.1906.

3SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No. 876,439. PATENTED JAN.'14, 1908. w. J. GROSSLEY & J. ATKINSON. GOVERNINGGEAR FOR INTERNAL OOMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED'DEO.17. 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2L r J w in; E ,v g y E: E E w u m/ ME 70475 PATEN'I'ED JAN. 14, 1908.

W. J.'OROSSLEY & J. ATKINSON.

GOVERNING GEAR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

lmummnnnn M UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

I WILLIAM JOHN OROSSLEY, OF OPENSHAW, MANCHESTER, AND JAMES ATKINSON, OF MELLOR,

ENGLAND.

GOVERNING-GEAR FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 14, 1908.

Application filed December 17, 1906. Serial No. 348.321

caster, England, and the latter residing at Mellor, in the countyof Derby, England, have invented. new and useful Improvements in Governing-Gear for Internal-Combustion Engines, 0? which the following is a specification. i

I with an exhaust valve, admission valve, and

gas valve.

The method oi and means for operating and controlling this gas valve wit-ha view to varying the power of the impulses to suit the load on the engine for the time being is the object of thisinvention.

When the engine is required to give full power the gas valve is operated in a similar manner to the admission valve, opening and closing at approximately the same times either by connection with the same gear, or by means of separate gear. lYhen'iull powered impulses are not required the gas valve is opened later but closed at the same time and on very light loads the gas valve may be kept.closed entirely during some of the suction strokes.

T 0 enable our invention to be clearly understood we append three sheets of drawings, will which Figure 1, Sheet 1, is an illustration of its application to an engine having a separate gas valve, in addition tothe ordinary admission valve (not shown) for the explosive fluid 'mixture, Fig. QSheet l, is an end view of the same and Fig. 3', Shoot 1, is a section through the governor controlling valve. Fig. 4, Sheet 2, illustrates the same arrangement as applied toa combined. gas and admission valve and Fig. 5, Sheet 3, is a detail showing an alternative arrangement for regulating the air in 'c-onnection with the vacuum cylinder.

In Fig l the gas valve (1 is shown in'its closed position being held closed by a spring b (or springs 12 b as shown). 'A second stronger spring a is so arranged that when the valve a, is closed, though the spring 0 is end.

i'nore powerful than the springs 12 b which keep t e valve closed,- it has no tendency to open the valve a owing to the fact that it is retained within stops which neutralize its eflect u on the valve a whenever this valve is close It will lie seen' that the spring 0 is inclosed in an inner chamber d, that it bears at one end against the end of the chamber and at the other end against a small plunger f held in place by the screwed in piece 6 and though there may be a considerableamount of compression pressure on the spring 0, it has no tendency to. move'the valve a when in the closed position shown in Fig. l and with the plunger against the piece 0, the thrust at one end. counteracting the thrust at the other The operating gear moves to open the valve on by any Well known means to move the plunger f inwards, .(the device shown in the drawings consists of a knife-edged pusher piece '9 acting on the movable die h) which is moved by a tappet 6 on the ordinary side shaft 7 and a pivoted lever S. ./So soon as the plunger is clear from the screwed in piece (2, the pressure of the spring cis taken between the pieceg' which operates the valve and the inner end of the chamber (1, consequently the Whole force of the spring 0 is thrown upon the valve 0, tending to open it. It will be seen from Fig. 1 that the valve (1 has formed in one with it a vacuum piston i and that the springs b I) tend to close the valve (L. These springs b l) are together weaker than the spring 0 consequently the operating gear can open the valve unless otherwise prevented. When the valve is closed the vacuum pistoni is at the end of the short cylinder 10 in which it moves being close up to the cover which closes it in. In this cover j or in any other suitable position there is a cylindrical valve is moving in. a small cylinder for-riled. in the cover and from this cylinder a small hole 1 passes to the vacuum cylinder. if the valve lc closes the hole 7, no air' can get access to the vacuum cylinder 10 and the vacuum on the piston i, assisted by the springs 32 b, will prevent the excess strength ol the spring 0 opening the valve a; it however tho valve 7: does not close the hole Z, air can obtain access to the vacuum cylinderwhich thus loses its restraining influence, allowing the spring 0 to overcome the springs b b, and thus opening the valve a. If the hole Z is only opened to a "small extent, air can only obtain restricted access to the vacuum cylinder and as a consequence'the valve a is delayed in opening;

with a greater opening to the hole Z the'restrainin influence is not so great, and if free.

access o air is given to the vacuum cylinder the valve 6 is openedwith or very shortly after the movement of the operating gear.

The valve leis Operated by a suitable connection to the governor 11, it is shown so connected b understood t at a very small movement only 'is necessary for controlling the admission of air to the. vacuum cylinder, and also very little power is required to be exerted by the overnor to give this small movement, there or no direct resistance to overcome beyou the extremely slight frictional resistance.

The result of the action above described is that when full impulses are desired in the engine; the gas valve (1 is opened practically during'the whole of the suction stroke, conse uently the cylinder is filled with a uniform ric mixture; for lighter loads, when the governor comes into operation to restrict the admission of air to the vacuum cylinder, the

opening of the valve c is delayed, moreor less, according to the position of the valve is in relation to the hole-Z. The valve-a also o'pens'less rapidly but towards the end of the stroke it is sufficiently opened to admit a rich mixture at the last, stratification of the gas .and air is this caused to take lace in the cylinder, there always however eing a rich mixture drawn in at the last which remains in the neighborhood of the'ignition point, conseqflently'giving satisfactory i nition' even wit charges containing a smal percentage of combustible. I

In the arrangement shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 the governor is so arranged that it not only -'moves the valveJc through the track rod m but also the die h by means of the track rod or, in such a manner that when the valve is has almost or entirely out off the admission of air to the vacuum cylinder, the die it is also moved out of the position in which the knife-edged pusher 9 can strike it, consequently the valve a is not opened at all, no

gas is admitted to the cylinder during such 4 shows the arrangement in which the sp' (lie of the admission valve passes through t 0 gas valve, the various necessary springs and the vacuum regulating iston with its cylinder; In this arrangeme 't '0 is the ada track, rod m but it will be .the governor so as to be near mission valveladmitting the charges to the I cylinder g; and 1' is the gas valve having the vacuum piston u fixed to it so that they move as one piece. passage 8 and the air by the assage t. The

The. gas enters by the controlling valve is operated y the track rod 7 m moved by the governor, controls the admission and regulation of air -to the hole 1 in the manner previously described. The ad-' -mission valve 0 is operated in any usual manner, always opening about the com-- mencement of the suction stroke and closing about its termination. Thespring as in this arrangement corresponds to-the spring 0 in I the' arrangement previously descr bed; and when the valve 0 is closed it does not exert any influence upon the gas valve rbut the opening movement of the valve 0 brings the nut 2 into contact with the slidin piece g which acts asa sto for one end 'of't e spring 0:,- the pressure of t e othere'nd of the s rin will now tend to open the valve 1" an wil do so unless restrained by vacuum-in the vacuum cylinder, the, action 'beingsimilar to the arrangement-previously described. The. stronger spring 12 will'always close the valve 0 when the gear-allows it to close. A small but stiff bufl'er spring w on the upper. side of the nut z is used for the purpose of insuring the closure of the gas valve 1' and forcin the vacuum piston 11 against the end 0 its cylinder. p

Wheninternal combustion engines have to work on light loads it is not always desirable to reduce the quantity of gas so as to give very small impulses, as such small quantities of gas are not 'economically'burned; it is therefore preferable under -most circumstances to cut out some im ulses thus drivin Y the engine with moderate y weak occasions We can construct this gear in such a manner that this can readily be done, i a suitable arrangement being shown in Fig. 51

impulses.

Sheet 3 which is a similarwew'to Fig. 3 drawn on a larger scale and having a different 'method of controlling the admission of, air

to the vacuum'cylinder. In this arrange ment a small valve 1 is connected by a track rod 2 to the governor, the light spring 5 tending to keep this small valve 1 open. As-

the speed ofv the engine'rises the governor closes the valvel thus restricting the amount of air drawn through the hole 3, which corresponds with the hole 1 'leading into'the vacuum' cylinder 10, see Fig. 1, and thus re ulating the opening of the gas valve.

W on, however, the valve is; pressed by closed, the

suddensuction of the vacuum piston causes the valve 1 to close entirely, compressing the spring 5, when this vlave closesno air can o tain access to the vacuum oylinder and the gas valve is revented' from 'openingsd that awninto the enginel' -cylinder during this suctionistrok'eandnoi 18.

only air is 1 thus makingitldesirabl to fuse a means of governing which always provides for a--cyl- .valve operated in the manner describe'dmay' tain amount oficompression, pressure before ignition to counteract the inertla of the re- ,clprocatlng parts and to prevent a reversal of strains which might otherwise cause shock;

mder full of air and gas at the termination of the suction stroke under all circumstances;

We Wish it to be understood that -a gas be arranged in various ways. and We do notconfine ourselves to the special mannerdescribed and illustrated'so-long as the essential part of the inventioi is retained; that is to say, the gas' valve being opened any time during the suction stroke, or notf'at allfas decided by'the governor moving asmall valve admitting air to an air cylinder, the gas valve however always closing at about the s'ame time as the admission valve, there being a spring orits equivalent on the gas valve which has no tendency to move'thc valve so long as the pusher piece 9 is clear of the die it, but when the pusher iece g moves the die 71- the plunger piece fta es up this movement, and the pressure of the spring 0 is transferred to the opening mechanism at the one end, while this pressure at the other end itsQweight and won the PP ernor andsprings operating on the valve pis-' ton, arrange-to vary the tune of opening of the gas valve which closeswith. the admission .piston'therein and connected wit valve, a valve controlling'the admission of tends to openthe valve a,- the-dc ree of the vacuum the air cylinder deci ing-i'r' the valve is to be opened or not, and if to be opened then the timing of the opening.

l The suction of the tion stroke or the weig t of the gas valvernay assist in opening the as valveas'forinstance in the arran ement s own in Fig. 4,:thus re-,- ducing the uty of the spring a: which might even notbe necessary .in-some. cases, as the valve 1", would be 0 ened by 'thesuction and d be closed'by. the nut 2 and buffer spring w. p I I What we claim and desire to secure by Let.- ters Patent ofthe-Uriited States 1'. In an -internal combustion engine, the combination with. the gas valve, a. vacuum cylinder, apiston therein and connectedwith y to the vacuum cylinder-from thegov-.

valve.

1piston during the suc--' gas valve, means for'controlling the air 2f In-combination, the gas valve, springs operating thereon, the admission valve', springs operating thereon, an air 0 linder, a the gas air to the cylinder and means for actuating the valve from the governor.

In testimony whereof we have signed ournames to this specification in the presence of r two subscribing witnesses. v WILLIAM JOHN CROSSLEY.-

JAMES ATKINSON. Witnesses: JOHN MATHIESON,

THOMAS DORRINGTON'. 

